| 【同步教育信息】 一. 本周教学内容： 寒假专题――动词不定式 上周我们学习了动词作谓语的各种时态，本周学习动词不定式，这是不作谓语动词（非谓语）动词的一种形式，还有另外两种非谓语动词形式，分词和动名词，本周主要学习动词不定式，（to do…）。 不定式在句中可以作主语、宾语、状语、表语、定语和宾语补足语。 例如：It is right to give up smoking .（主语） I wish to learn English well .（宾语） I came here to see you .（状语） My job is to help the patient .（表语） He needs a room to live in .（定语） Mother expected me to do some housework .（宾语补足语） 下面分别分析不定式作各种句子成份的用法： 1. 主语 不定式作主语表示将要发生的动作。例如： To study hard is very important . 努力学习是非常重要的。 但在很多情况下，我们常常用代词it来代替作主语（形式主语），而把不定式移到句子后部去，这更使句子平稳，另外可以在不定式前加一个for sb.说明不定式的动作是谁做的。 例如：It is important to study hard . It is possible for me to finish my homework within an hour . 对于我来说一小时内完成作业是可能的。 此句的结构是：“it”作形式主语for sb. to do…作句子的真正主语。 2. 宾语 不定式作宾语表示谓语动作要做的事。 例如：He offered to help us . 他提出要帮助我们。 能以不定式作宾语的动词很多，常见的有：want ，like ，wish ，prefer ，hope ，manage ，try ，offer ，start ，forget ，promise ，pretend ，begin ，decide ，learn ，agree ，expect等。 另外，在某些复合宾语中，我们常常先用it代表不定式，而把不定式放到后面去。 例如：They found it impossible to get everything ready in time . 他们发现不可能把一切按时准备好。 此句结构是：They found 主语谓语，it形式宾语impossible宾语补足语，to get…作真正的宾语。 3. 宾语补足语 不定式作宾语补足语表示宾语（补足宾语）的动作。 例如：I want you to work with him . 我希望你和他一同工作。 注：在feel ，hear ，notice ，see ，watch ，have ，let ，make等词后的补足语中，不定式不带to，但有些动词如用被动结构，补足语中应用to do sth. 例如：I often hear him sing the song . 我经常听他唱这首歌。 比较：He is often heard to sing the song . 4. 表语 不定式置于be动词之后，表示主语是要做某事。 例如：His wish is to become a middle school teacher . 他的志愿是成为一名中学教师。 5. 定语 不定式修饰名词，置于所修饰词之后，作后置定语，而且不定式是及物动词有动宾关系（a），如果是不及物动词，它后面应有必要的介词。 例如：a. That will be the only thing to do now . 这将是目前唯一可行的办法。 b. There is nothing to worry about . 没有什么可担心的。 6. 状语 不定式作状语多表示目的。（为了做某事）。 例如：We live to serve the people heart and soul . 【模拟试题】 非谓语动词专练 一. 用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. We always desire ________（live）in peace with our neighbours . 2. I was pleased ________（meet）your sister the week before last . 3. The machine needs ________（oil）. 4. He is said ________（be）an excellent singer in his youth . 5. He didn’t wish his work ________（disturb）. 6. My brother offered ________（drive）me to the railway station but I preferred ________（walk）there . 7. We intended ________（include）your name in the list , but we forgot ________（do）so . 8. When we came in , I happened ________（lie）on the bed . 9. It’s no use ________（ask）him about it . 10. It took longer than she expected ________（get）a passport . 11. In her spare time she enjoys ________（read）novels or goes ________（camp）. 12. He never missed ________（attend）my lectures . 13. He promised ________（send）me the bill as soon as possible . 14. Soon afterwards he gave up ________（teach）and joined the army . 15. She couldn’t help ________（smile）at the words . 16. She had her hands full . She couldn’t help ________（answer）the phone . 17. We must try ________（get）anything done in time . 18. I suggest ________（bring）the meeting to an end . 19. Your coat wants ________（brush）, I suppose . 20. I regret ________（tell）you that you failed in the exam . 21. Jack regrets ________（not see）the film last night . 22. They refused ________（pay）the taxes . 23. John pretended ________（sleep）when his wife came back . 24. Stop ________（talk）. It’s time for class . 25. Please remember ________（post）the letter when you pass by the post office . 二. 单项选择 1. The news cames very fast . They will be surprised ________ it . A. at hearing B. hearing C. to hear D. to have hear 2. He is very lazy , so he is often made ________ his clothes by his mother . A. wash B. washing C. to wash D. washed 3. I would rather ________ at home this evening . A. to stay B. stay C. will stay D. staying 4. When he failed ________ us , we left without him . A. to meet B. not to meet C. to be met D. meeting 5. The captain ordered his men ________ the sinking ship . A. leave B. left C. to leave D. leaving 6. Last Saturday Mrs Brown let her children ________ in the park . A. to play B. play C. playing D. played 7. I don’t want ________ any mistakes . A. that you make B. you make them C. to make you D. you to make 8. He had trouble ________ awake . A. to keep B. to keeping C. keep D. keeping 9. I can’t imagine ________ in the driving test . A. her failing B. she fail C. she failing D. her to fail 10. Some scientists spend most of their lives ________ at rocks . A. looking B. look C. to look D. looked 11. I was woken by the sound of someone ________ on the door . A. knock B. to knock C. knocking D. knocked 12. The bicycle he lent me badly needed ________ . A. to clean B. clean C. cleaning D. to stand 13. He saw a young woman ________ on the steps outside the shop . A. stood B. standing C. has stood D. to stand 14. ________ that they were poor , she didn’t ask them for money . A. To know B. Knowing C. Known D. Knew 15. I haven’t decided which hotel ________ . A. to stay B. is to stay at C. to stay at D. is for staying 16. ― Will John come here today ? ― No , he finally decided ________ . A. not to be B. not to going C. not to D. not going 17. It’s pay-day , and they’re waiting ________ . A. for paying B. to be paid C. to be paying D. to have paid 18. The cloth won’t stand ________ . A. to wash B. washing C. washed D. for washing 19. I’m considering ________ your offer . A. to accept B. accepting C. accept D. accepted 20. Gun-powder is generally considered ________ first in China . A. inventing B. having invented C. to be invented D. to have been invnted 21. I bitterly regret ________ him the story yesterday . A. to tell B. to have told C. telling D. having told 22. ________ him busy in his garage , I said I would call again later . A. To find B. When found C. Finding D. As finding 23. Lots of empty bottles were found under the old man’s bed . He must have done nothing but ________ . A. drink B. to drink C. drinking D. drunk 24. ________ some of this apple juice―perhaps you’ll like it . A. Trying B. Try C. To try D. Have tried 25. Do you mind ________ suggestion ? A. me to make B. my making C. for me to make D. I make 26. ________ from space , the earth looks like a “ blue planet ” . A. Seeing B. To see C. Seen D. Having seen 27. The woman lay on the bed , her face ________ with a book . A. having covered B. covering C. to cover D. covered 28. She is not worth ________ . A. to get angry B. getting angry C. getting aygry with D. to get angry with 29. Sorry ! I’ve forgotten ________ the letter for you . A. posting B. to have posted C. to post D. that I post 30. ― Is the radio disturbing you ? ― It certainly is . I’d like it ________ off . A. turning B. to turn C. turned D. turns 31. ― Mr Wilson is expected back at noon . ― Would you have him ________ me then , please ? A. calling B. call C. to call D. called 32. English teacher encourages ________ a lot more reading . A. us doing B. us to do C. our reading D. we do 33. ― Why ________ to the museum with me ? ― That’s a good idea . A. not go B. don’t go C. going D. not going 34. His remarks left me ________ about his real purpose . A. wonder B. wondering C. wondered D. to wonder 35. We’re used to ________ in the country now . A. living B. live C. be living D. have lived 36. Do you know the boy ________ at the back of the room ? A. sat B. sit C. seating D. seated 37. ________ his father had come , his face lit up . A. Hearing heard &nbnsp; B. When he heard C. Hearing D. When hearing 38. The girl was sitting there , ________ in deep thought . A. lost B. to lose C. losing D. lost 39. If ________ to a high temperature , water can be turned into vapour . A. heat B. to heat C. heating D. heated 40. She came in , ________ by a group of children . A. following B. followed C. to follow D. follow 41. Is this the TV set which you wish ________ ? A. to have it repaired B. to repair it C. to have repaired D. will be repaired 42. The wonderful time they have been looking forward to ________ finally arrived . A. had B. have C. has D. having 43. ― What do you think made Mary so upset ? ― ________ her new motorbike . A. As she lost B. Lost C. Losing D. Because of losing 44. He should at least answer when ________ . A. speaking B. spoken C. spoken to D. speaking to 45. ― Where should I send my form ? ― The Personnel office is the place ________ . A. for sending it B. to send it to C. to send D. to send it 46. With ________ she needed ________ , she left the supermarket . A. something ; to buy B. anything ; having bought C. everthing ; buying D. everything ; bought 47. ________ in her finest skirt , the girl tried to make herself ________ at the party . A. Dressing ; noticing B. Dressed ; noticing C. Dressing ; being noticing D. Dressed ; noticed 48. There are three waiting-rooms in the new station , ________ about 1000 passengers . A. seating B. sat C. seated D. sitting 49. What worried the child most was ________ to visit his mother in the hospital . A. his not allowing B. has not being allowed C. his being not allowed D. having not been allowed 50. The children were found ________ in the heavy snow . A. trapping B. trapped C. to trap D. trap
【试题答案与提示】 1. to live 2. to have met 3. oiling / to be oiled 4. to have been 5. to be disturbed 6. to drive ; to walk 7. to have included ; to do 8. to be lying 9. asking 10. to get 11. reading ; camping 12. attending 13. to send 14. teaching 15. smiling 16. to answer 17. to get 18. bringing 19. to be brushed / brushing 20. to tell 21. not having seen 22. to pay 23. to be sleeping 24. talking 25. to post 二. 单项选择： 1. C 。be surprised at（对…感到吃惊） 2. C 。make sb. do sth .（使得某人做某事）变成被动语态就是be made to do sth. 3. B 。would rather do sth. 宁愿做某事。 4. A 。fail to do 未能做某事。 5. C 。order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事。 6. B 。let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事。 7. D 。want sb. to do sth .（想要某人做某事）为习惯搭配。 8. D 。have trouble / difficulty（in）doing sth . 9. A 。imagine sb . ’s doing 想象某人做了某事。 10. A 。spend…（in）doing sth . 花（时间、金钱等）做某事。 11. C 。句意为“我被某人的敲门声吵醒。” 12. C 。sth . need doing / to be done 13. B 。see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正做某事 14. B 。现在分词短语做原因状语。 15. C 。“疑问词+不定式”结构成句中作宾语。 16. C 。decide not to 是省略结构。 17. B 。wait to do（等着做某事），wait to be paid（等着付钱）。 18. B 。stand作“容忍，经受”讲，其后多用-ing形式。 19. B 。consider doing sth . 考虑干某事 20. D 。be considered to have done被认为做过…… 21. B 。regret having done 后悔做过某事。 22. C 。现在分词短语作时间状语。 23. A 。“do / did nothing but do”是习惯搭配 24. B 。前面的祈使句在意义上相当于一个条件状语从句。 25. B 。mind sb. ’s doing介意某人干某事。 26. C 。句意为“从太空看地球，地球好象一个‘蓝色的行星’”。 27. D 。“her face covered with a book”是独立结构，作伴随状语。 28. C 。句意为“不值得生她的气”。 29. C 。forget to do sth. 忘记干某事。 30. C 。句意为“…我很想它被关掉。” 31. B 。have sb. do sth. 使得某人干某事。 32. B 。encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人干某事。 33. A 。“Why not do…?”用来表示建议对方干某事。 34. B 。leave sb. doing让某人做某事。 35. A 。（sb.）be used to doing习惯于做某事。 36. D 。seated（=sitting） 37. B 。主语“his face”是非人称性代词，所以前面要用从句，不能用介词。 38. D 。是being lost in deep thought 的简略形式。 39. D 。完全形式是：（If it is）heated… 40. B 。相当于with a group of children following him . 41. C 。wish to have sth. done . 42. C 。主句是“The wonderful time has finally arrived”。 43. C 。回答不是由why引起的问句不用because 。 44. C 。When spoken to（=When he was spoken to） 45. B 。不定式作定语。 46. D 。“with everything bought”拿着购买的一切东西。 47. D 。dressed in表示“穿着”；make oneself noticed 使自己受关注。 48. A 。“seat…people”表示“使（多少）人有座位” 49. B 。动名词的复合结构的否定式。 50. B 。sb. be found trapped in…某人被发现困在… | 